Written by Dr. Farhan Shahzad and Sarah Davies-Robertson
The word 'epigenetics' may be a new one for you, but the term has been around for quite some time, making traction in the last decade. Epigenetics is the study of how experience, thoughts, and words can modify our DNA. These changes can be passed on from one generation to the next. We can change the structure of our genes, and this can have lasting
consequences on both our physical and mental health.
The Biology
A genome is a double helix code that is uniquely you, unless, of course, you
have an identical twin. Added to this is another layer of complexity called the
epigenome. The epigenome sits in your cells with your genome and is the
instruction manual that decides which parts of your DNA are activated and
which genes are switched on or off. Every cell in your body contains its own
epigenome. This is impressive stuff because it is the epigenome that decides
the actions of a cell.
Your DNA stays consistent throughout your life, but the epigenomes are fluid.
They change as we grow (i.e. throughout adolescence), and the experiences we
have in life impact on them. Epigenetic changes affect our body, both positively
and negatively, and impact on the health of our bodies. Experiences, such as
trauma, can have an adverse impact on our cell health. But not only that, it can
also impact on our children and grandchildren’s development. This is the same
as the experiences of our grandparents and parents on our own lives.
In a study conducted by Professor Yehuda Bauer, the impact of traumatic
experiences on war veterans, Holocaust survivors, and the September 11th
attacks were considered. The study aimed to understand the impact this had
on the survivor’s children. Professor Yehuda found that children whose parents
had suffered from post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) displayed PTSD and
depressive symptoms, too. The children also shared epigenetic markers with
their parents, meaning they were more reactive to stress.
The good news is that we can rewire and reverse these changes through our
personal experiences. We can also do this using powerful words, thinking
positively, seeking out joyful and enriching experiences, and keeping our focus
on the here and now. Our words are powerful and can influence health at a
cellular level. It is estimated that between 75 and 98% of mental and physical
health problems come from the mind.